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World Health Organization WHO
(2015)
C_WHO
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P. Collignon, J.J.Beggs, T.R. Walsh, et al.
(2018)
CC
Tags:
antibiotic resistance,
AMR,
Anthropology,
Socioeconomic context,
socioeconomic factors,
research,
public health,
Hygiene,
WASH,
Sanitation,
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World Health Organization WHO
(2016)
C_WHO
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MEDBOX; Apotheker helfen
(2020)
CC
Please find all relevant guidelines and information on antimicrobial resistance AMR in our new AMR TOOLBOX
www.amrbox.org
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Van Dijck C., Vlieghe E., Cox J.A.
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
(2018)
C_WHO
Objective: To review the effectiveness of antibiotic stewardship interventions in hospitals in low- and middle-income countries.
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Kakkar M., Chatterjee P. et. al.
(2018)
C2
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Van Katwyk, S. R.; Grimshaw, J. M.; et al
(2019)
C2
BACKGROUND: Growing political attention to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) offers a rare opportunity for achieving meaningful action. Many governments have developed national AMR action plans, but most have not yet implemented policy interventions to reduce antimicrobial overuse. A systematic evidence map can support governments in making evidence-informed decisions about implementing programs to reduce AMR, by identifying, describing, and assessing the full range of evaluated government policy options to reduce antimicrobial use in humans.
METHODS AND FINDINGS: Seven databases were searched from inception to January 28, 2019, (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PAIS Index, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and PubMed). We identified studies that (1) clearly described a government policy intervention aimed at reducing human antimicrobial use, and (2) applied a quantitative design to measure the impact. We found 69 unique evaluations of government policy interventions carried out across 4 of the 6 WHO regions. These evaluations included randomized controlled trials (n = 4), non-randomized controlled trials (n = 3), controlled before-and-after designs (n = 7), interrupted time series designs (n = 25), uncontrolled before-and-after designs (n = 18), descriptive designs (n = 10), and cohort designs (n = 2). From these we identified 17 unique policy options for governments to reduce the human use of antimicrobials. Many studies evaluated public awareness campaigns (n = 17) and antimicrobial guidelines (n = 13); however, others offered different policy options such as professional regulation, restricted reimbursement, pay for performance, and prescription requirements. Identifying these policies can inform the development of future policies and evaluations in different contexts and health systems. Limitations of our study include the possible omission of unpublished initiatives, and that policies not evaluated with respect to antimicrobial use have not been captured in this review.
CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge this is the first study to provide policy makers with synthesized evidence on specific government policy interventions addressing AMR. In the future, governments should ensure that AMR policy interventions are evaluated using rigorous study designs and that study results are published ... more
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European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC
(2022)
CC
Tags:
antimicrobial drugs,
Antimicrobial resistance,
Zoonotic diseases,
bacteria,
animals,
food,
MRSA,
ESBL,
Salmonellosis,
E.coli,
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World Health Organization WHO; Special Programme for TDR
(2022)
C_WHO
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Pan American Health Organisation PAHO; FAO and OIE
(2022)
C_WHO
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a major global threat across human, animal, plant food and environmental sectors, threatening the effective treatment of an ever-increasing range of infections caused by bacteria, parasites, viruses and fungi, resulting in prolonged illness and increased mortality, often felt hardest by the most vulnerable populations. AMR also endangers the sustainability of agri-food systems and food safety.
Since 2010 there is a strong commitment from FAO, OIE and PAHO to fight AMR, working together to mitigate the risks in the interconnection among the human health, animal health and the environment. In this context, the organizations now joined forces in the implementation of the project ‘Working Together to Fight Antimicrobial Resistance’ to ensure a coherent “One Health” approach recognizing the multidimensionality and necessity of an intersectoral response that is needed to address the problem of AMR.
The overall strategic objective of the three-year project (2020-22) supported and financed by the European Union (EU) is to contribute to tackle AMR through the implementation of National AMR Action Plans by working with seven Latin American partner countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay ... more
Tags:
amr,
Policy,
strategy,
Antimicrobial resistance,
response,
animals,
food,
environmental health,
action plan,
resource platform,
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